Cold War/World War III (1945-1992)
Documents

U.S. Army General Orders (G.O.s)

These are various General Orders issued by the US Army for specific newsworthy events during the Cold War period.

General Order 50 of November 23, 1963 (Death of John F Kennedy) (PDF)
General Order 19 of March 28, 1969 (Death of Dwight Eisenhower) (PDF)
General Order 34 of June 8, 1970 (Sergeant Major of the Army Position/Duties) (PDF)
General Order 32 of September 4, 1974 (Death of Creighton Abrams) (PDF)
General Order 15 of June 14, 1975 (U.S. Army Bicentennial) (PDF)
General Order 19 of October 31, 1978 (Branch Anniversary Dates) (PDF)
General Order 11 of April 27, 1981 (Death of Omar Bradley) (PDF)
General Order 24 of June 4, 1984 (40th Anniversary of D-Day Landings) (PDF)

U.S. Navy (USN)

U.S. Navy Estimated Shipbuilding Costs (14 August 1947) – This page contains the USN's estimates for immediate post-war combatant construction times and costs. A gold mine for designing Cost Estimation Relationships (CERs).

U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

DOE/ES-0005: The United States Nuclear Weapon Program: A Summary History (March 1983)

DOE Facts: Declassification of Certain Characteristics of the United States Nuclear Weapon Stockpile (December 1993)

DOE Fact Sheet: Increasing Transparency in the U.S. Nuclear Weapons Stockpile (3 May 2010)

U.S. Government Accounting Office (GAO)

NSIAD-95-89 – Industrial Base: Inventory and Requirements for Artillery Projectiles (March 1995) (1.1 MB PDF) – This document details the US Military's shell inventory as of roughly November 1994; which gives you a general idea of how big the U.S. munitions base was in the final years of the Cold War.

RAND Corporation

During the Cold War, RAND was primarily associated with the USAF. I've chosen to fully OCR several of their reports, because of the enormous amounts of data contained within them.

RM-868: Implications of Potential Weapon Developments for Strategic Bombing and Air Defense (10 July 1952) (1.39 MB PDF)

R-237: Implications of Large-Yield Nuclear Weapons (10 July 1952) (578 kb PDF)

R-1754-PR: The U.S. ICBM Force: Current Issues and Future Options (October 1975) (4.7 MB PDF) – This remarkable document contains a large amount of information on the “second generation” of US ICBMs (Minuteman I/II/III and Titan II) during the early 1970s; as well as a large amount of highly useful data otherwise.